Station location: 69°00'S, 39°35'E, East Ongul Island, Lützow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica.
WMO identification: 89532
Data in black are derived from the READER dataset and are calculated from 6-hourly synoptic data. Data after 2001, shown in red, are CLIMAT messages, with a few exceptions that comprise the mean of at least 90% of the 6-hourly SYNOPS available for that month. It is possible that values in red may be updated in the future.
Go straight to the data.(i) Annual, seasonal and monthly temperature statistics for Syowa.
These data are updated monthly. With regard to summer (DJF) the year refers to the December.
Annual/Season/Month | Mean (°C) | σ (°C) | Min. (°C) | q0.25 (°C) | q0.75 (°C) | Max. (°C) | Period | n |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calendar year | −10.5 | 0.8 | −12.2 | −10.9 | −10.0 | −8.3 | 1960-61, 1967-2011 | 47 |
Autumn | −10.0 | 1.3 | −13.0 | −11.0 | −9.0 | −6.7 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
Winter | −17.4 | 1.7 | −21.4 | −18.9 | −16.0 | −14.3 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
Spring | −12.8 | 1.1 | −14.9 | −13.7 | −12.0 | −9.5 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
Summer | −1.8 | 0.6 | −3.3 | −2.3 | −1.2 | −0.7 | 1957-60, 1966-2011 | 49 |
January | −0.7 | 0.9 | −2.3 | −1.4 | 0.0 | +0.9 | 1958, 1960-62, 1967-2012 | 50 |
February | −3.1 | 0.9 | −4.7 | −3.8 | −2.4 | −1.0 | 1958-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
March | −6.6 | 1.5 | −11.7 | −7.5 | −5.6 | −4.1 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
April | −10.1 | 1.5 | −13.6 | −11.1 | −9.1 | −6.1 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
May | −13.5 | 2.1 | −21.0 | −15.0 | −11.9 | −10.0 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
June | −15.5 | 2.6 | −20.9 | −17.7 | −13.6 | −11.6 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
July | −17.6 | 2.7 | −23.9 | −19.8 | −16.1 | −11.1 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
August | −19.1 | 2.4 | −23.2 | −21.1 | −17.5 | −12.2 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
September | −18.3 | 2.7 | −23.7 | −20.2 | −16.5 | −11.8 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
October | −13.5 | 1.6 | −17.5 | −14.3 | −12.3 | −10.8 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
November | −6.6 | 1.1 | −9.4 | −7.3 | −6.0 | −4.1 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
December | −1.6 | 0.9 | −3.6 | −2.3 | −1.0 | +0.2 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2011 | 50
|
(ii) Annual, seasonal and monthly trends in the Syowa surface temperature data
The trends listed below include 95% confidence intervals. The methodology is based upon:
Santer B.D., T.M.L. Wigley, J.S. Boyle, D. J. Gaffen, J.J. Hnilo, D. Nychka, D.E. Parker and K.E. Taylor. 2000: Statistical significance of trends and trend differences in layer-average temperature time series. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 7337-7356.
Briefly, an effective sample size is calculated based on the lag-1 autocorrelation coefficient of the regression residuals, This effective sample size is used for the computation of the standard error and in indexing the critical values of the Student''s t distribution.
The significance level of the trend is given if it is less than 10%, 5% or 1%. With regard to summer (DJF) the year refers to the December.
Annual/Season/Month | Annual trend (°C a−1) | Significance (%) | Period | n |
---|---|---|---|---|
Calendar year | +0.0052 ± 0.0159 | - | 1960-61, 1967-2011 | 47 |
Autumn | −0.0115 ± 0.0341 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
Winter | +0.0210 ± 0.0221 | 10 | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
Spring | −0.0003 ± 0.0170 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
Summer | −0.0017 ± 0.0115 | - | 1957-60, 1966-2011 | 49 |
January | 0.0000 ± 0.0147 | - | 1958, 1960-62, 1967-2012 | 50 |
February | +0.0062 ± 0.0170 | - | 1958-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
March | −0.0169 ± 0.0359 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
April | −0.0183 ± 0.0333 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
May | +0.0009 ± 0.0457 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
June | +0.0156 ± 0.0326 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
July | +0.0181 ± 0.0437 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
August | +0.0294 ± 0.0375 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
September | +0.0103 ± 0.0421 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
October | −0.0129 ± 0.0244 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
November | +0.0017 ± 0.0219 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2012 | 51 |
December | −0.0007 ± 0.0147 | - | 1957, 1959-61, 1966-2011 | 50
|
Calendar year Autumn (MAM) Winter (JJA) Spring (SON) Summer (DJF)
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANN 1957 -5.2 -9.4 -14.7 -12.9 -17.8 -18.2 -20.6 -11.8 -6.7 -1.4 1958 0.2 1959 -4.3 -5.6 -9.9 -14.4 -13.4 -16.3 -19.1 -21.8 -12.7 -9.2 -2.3 1960 -0.8 -4.7 -7.5 -9.9 -15.7 -19.6 -19.4 -19.0 -22.5 -14.1 -7.3 -2.0 -11.9 1961 -2.2 -2.3 -7.5 -11.3 -14.8 -13.8 -19.7 -18.9 -15.9 -10.9 -6.0 -2.8 -10.5 1962 -2.1 1963 1964 1965 1966 -3.8 -5.9 -10.8 -12.6 -18.0 -19.8 -21.0 -16.6 -15.9 -6.0 -1.2 1967 -0.1 -4.4 -7.3 -9.6 -12.3 -14.3 -16.7 -18.6 -19.5 -12.6 -5.5 -1.3 -10.2 1968 -1.1 -3.1 -4.8 -9.1 -11.6 -15.6 -19.3 -16.7 -19.1 -12.9 -6.1 -2.2 -10.1 1969 0.4 -1.6 -4.5 -8.2 -11.3 -11.7 -17.5 -22.3 -19.9 -12.7 -5.8 -1.0 -9.7 1970 -0.9 -3.6 -5.6 -8.8 -15.1 -16.5 -18.3 -20.4 -21.0 -11.5 -6.1 -1.2 -10.8 1971 -0.5 -2.0 -7.3 -10.8 -16.5 -18.4 -18.7 -20.0 -16.0 -12.6 -7.3 -0.7 -10.9 1972 -0.1 -2.8 -7.8 -10.0 -15.9 -17.9 -20.1 -15.6 -14.1 -13.4 -6.5 -2.5 -10.6 1973 -0.8 -4.0 -7.5 -9.0 -11.3 -14.5 -20.3 -22.9 -17.4 -11.4 -6.2 -2.3 -10.6 1974 -1.4 -3.1 -8.5 -10.9 -12.5 -16.5 -16.6 -17.9 -17.4 -14.1 -5.7 -0.8 -10.4 1975 -0.2 -3.3 -6.2 -11.9 -14.0 -15.3 -20.9 -22.2 -18.9 -13.6 -7.0 -2.5 -11.3 1976 -1.6 -3.8 -6.7 -11.4 -15.0 -19.6 -21.4 -23.2 -21.1 -16.3 -6.7 0.0 -12.2 1977 0.9 -3.7 -6.2 -11.2 -12.1 -16.0 -13.6 -15.8 -18.3 -15.3 -7.7 -1.5 -10.0 1978 -2.2 -3.9 -9.3 -11.3 -11.7 -16.9 -14.7 -21.2 -15.2 -13.7 -7.2 -1.6 -10.7 1979 -0.4 -3.2 -6.7 -9.2 -13.7 -18.5 -20.5 -19.4 -18.8 -14.4 -4.9 -1.3 -10.9 1980 0.5 -3.1 -4.1 -6.1 -10.0 -12.2 -13.6 -17.2 -15.7 -12.9 -4.1 -0.5 -8.2 1981 -1.2 -2.5 -4.9 -8.7 -11.7 -14.8 -14.2 -16.1 -18.2 -15.5 -6.6 -1.8 -9.7 1982 -1.6 -4.0 -6.2 -9.3 -12.9 -14.7 -17.7 -22.3 -20.5 -15.6 -5.9 -0.8 -11.0 1983 0.3 -2.9 -7.1 -10.6 -12.2 -13.6 -16.1 -19.4 -14.2 -12.3 -8.4 -3.6 -10.0 1984 -0.1 -3.1 -5.9 -9.6 -11.4 -18.1 -21.8 -19.4 -16.5 -15.2 -7.5 -0.4 -10.8 1985 0.5 -2.2 -6.6 -6.8 -13.4 -13.9 -17.3 -21.8 -16.6 -13.3 -7.7 -2.6 -10.1 1986 -1.4 -1.0 -4.8 -9.8 -14.2 -16.9 -18.4 -18.0 -14.6 -13.8 -6.1 -1.7 -10.1 1987 0.0 -2.4 -4.9 -7.8 -12.7 -12.2 -18.1 -21.6 -19.8 -13.6 -5.4 -1.3 -10.0 1988 0.0 -3.2 -4.7 -10.9 -11.2 -14.4 -16.5 -17.9 -16.2 -12.1 -7.3 -2.4 -9.7 1989 -1.1 -2.2 -6.2 -11.9 -21.0 -18.8 -18.6 -19.9 -22.8 -12.2 -6.7 -0.9 -11.9 1990 0.1 -3.4 -5.9 -11.0 -14.3 -16.9 -11.1 -21.7 -23.5 -11.4 -6.9 -1.1 -10.6 1991 -0.9 -1.7 -6.4 -11.1 -11.2 -14.8 -15.2 -17.6 -17.0 -16.2 -7.0 0.0 -9.9 1992 0.0 -2.7 -5.5 -8.7 -12.1 -12.6 -16.1 -17.9 -21.0 -14.1 -6.4 -2.3 -9.9 1993 0.4 -3.6 -7.3 -12.5 -16.3 -19.5 -21.0 -20.5 -18.1 -13.8 -7.7 -1.7 -11.8 1994 -0.8 -4.6 -7.4 -10.6 -13.9 -13.6 -14.1 -20.7 -17.2 -12.3 -6.6 -2.2 -10.3 1995 -2.3 -2.9 -9.0 -8.7 -15.0 -20.9 -14.1 -22.5 -21.8 -12.2 -7.6 -2.3 -11.6 1996 -1.4 -2.2 -7.1 -11.1 -16.1 -16.3 -14.6 -15.9 -11.8 -10.9 -5.9 -1.6 -9.6 1997 -1.2 -2.7 -6.8 -8.0 -15.0 -15.0 -20.4 -18.1 -23.7 -13.3 -7.6 -0.1 -11.0 1998 -0.1 -2.3 -4.1 -10.2 -11.6 -14.1 -16.3 -22.2 -16.5 -14.0 -6.2 -2.7 -10.0 1999 -1.1 -3.7 -7.5 -11.0 -12.8 -13.9 -21.0 -21.4 -19.3 -14.6 -7.4 -3.6 -11.4 2000 -2.3 -4.1 -11.7 -11.0 -15.8 -11.8 -19.0 -17.4 -17.7 -13.0 -5.8 -1.3 -10.9 2001 -1.0 -2.3 -6.6 -11.7 -13.8 -17.7 -18.1 -20.4 -18.7 -14.9 -7.1 -1.9 -11.2 2002 -1.8 -3.4 -6.8 -9.9 -10.0 -14.5 -13.4 -17.5 -16.4 -11.0 -7.3 -2.0 -9.5 2003 0.0 -2.4 -4.7 -7.7 -12.9 -12.4 -16.7 -16.8 -15.2 -13.3 -5.6 -0.7 -9.0 2004 0.3 -2.0 -4.9 -8.7 -12.6 -12.6 -20.6 -19.4 -20.4 -11.6 -7.5 0.2 -10.0 2005 -0.5 -1.8 -5.7 -10.5 -11.4 -14.3 -14.6 -16.4 -17.8 -14.2 -9.4 -0.9 -9.8 2006 -1.0 -4.3 -6.3 -9.6 -10.5 -16.2 -23.9 -17.0 -18.8 -16.0 -6.7 -1.8 -11.0 2007 0.2 -3.2 -7.7 -10.4 -12.3 -12.7 -16.3 -16.1 -19.4 -10.8 -4.5 -1.5 -9.6 2008 -1.8 -4.2 -8.1 -9.1 -15.3 -20.6 -14.7 -12.2 -15.2 -17.5 -7.4 -1.5 -10.6 2009 -1.2 -2.9 -6.0 -12.6 -14.7 -11.6 -16.3 -20.0 -16.7 -13.5 -6.5 -1.6 -10.3 2010 0.4 -1.3 -7.0 -11.9 -15.4 -17.8 -21.3 -23.1 -17.9 -13.6 -6.8 -2.1 -11.5 2011 0.0 -4.3 -9.2 -10.5 -14.2 -11.7 -16.3 -17.2 -18.2 -16.2 -5.4 -3.3 -10.5 2012 -1.4 -4.0 -8.0 -13.6 -14.9 -17.7 -19.3 -17.5 -23.2 -12.1 -4.6
The Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE).
Return to the top of the page.
Return to the main Antarctic monthly mean surface temperature page.