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| The time delay between the transmitted pulse and its echo provides an estimate of the effective height of the ionospheric reflection point. The virtual height is simply half the distance travelled during this time delay. Due to the retarding effect of the electrons on the radio wave as it passes through the ionosphere the virtual height (or more correctly, virtual range as the echoes do not necessarily come from directly overhead) are always an over-estimate of the true echoing range. |
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