Station location: 67°34'S, 68°08'W, Rothera Point, Adelaide Island, Antarctic Peninsula.
WMO identification: 89062
The monthly values are derived as the mean of all available 6-hourly synoptic observations. Data in red are derived from CLIMAT messages and will be updated once the synoptic data become available.
Note data before December 1976, in blue, are proxy data from Jones & Reid (2001) and should be considered a tentative estimate at best: they are included for completeness. The following, on how these data were produced, is taken from the original Jones & Limbert (1987) report:
"composed of the ... United Kingdom bases of Marguerite Bay (March 1946 - January 1950; 68°11'S, 67°01W), Horseshoe Island (September 1955 - December 1959; 67°48'S, 67°19'W), Adelaide Island (May 1962 - December 1975; 67°46'S. 68°55'W) ... For temperature, only the Marguerite Bay record needed adjustment, by an addition of 1.0°C to all months at this site. Additional data for April 1951 to February 1952 and March 1955 to August 1955 from the Argentinian base at General San Martin (68°08'S, 67°08'W) was used unaltered."
Jones, P.D. and P.A. Reid. 2001: A Data Bank of Antarctic Surface Temperature and Pressure Data. ORNL/CDIAC-27 NDP-032. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
This report can be accessed here.
(i) Annual, seasonal and monthly temperature statistics for Rothera
These data are updated monthly and are derived only from actual Rothera observations. With regard to summer (DJF) the year refers to the December.
| Annual/Season/Month | Mean (°C) | σ (°C) | Min. (°C) | q0.25 (°C) | q0.75 (°C) | Max. (°C) | Period | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calendar year | −4.4 | 1.4 | −8.6 | −5.3 | −3.7 | −1.8 | 1978-98, 2000-2011 | 33 |
| Autumn | −3.1 | 1.4 | −8.7 | −3.7 | −2.1 | −0.9 | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| Winter | −9.7 | 2.9 | −17.9 | −11.5 | −7.5 | −3.9 | 1977-98, 2000-2012 | 35 |
| Spring | −5.5 | 1.8 | −10.2 | −6.5 | −4.3 | −2.0 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| Summer | +0.8 | 0.6 | −0.3 | +0.5 | +1.1 | +2.1 | 1977-2011 | 35 |
| January | +1.4 | 0.6 | 0.0 | +1.0 | +1.8 | +2.5 | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| February | +0.7 | 0.8 | −1.3 | +0.3 | +1.2 | +2.7 | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| March | −1.1 | 1.1 | −4.2 | −1.7 | −0.5 | +0.7 | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| April | −3.1 | 1.6 | −10.6 | −3.8 | −2.2 | −0.5 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| May | −5.0 | 2.5 | −11.3 | −6.3 | −3.2 | −1.1 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| June | −8.3 | 3.4 | −17.1 | −10.4 | −5.9 | −2.8 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| July | −10.7 | 4.3 | −20.5 | −12.9 | −7.9 | −2.7 | 1977-98, 2000-2012 | 35 |
| August | −10.2 | 3.0 | −18.1 | −12.2 | −8.0 | −3.9 | 1977-98, 2000-2012 | 35 |
| September | −8.3 | 3.3 | −17.7 | −10.8 | −5.8 | −2.0 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| October | −5.7 | 2.2 | −10.5 | −7.0 | −3.9 | −1.9 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| November | −2.4 | 1.4 | −6.5 | −3.1 | −1.3 | −0.1 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| December | +0.3 | 0.7 | −1.2 | −0.1 | +0.8 | +1.9 | 1976-2011 | 36
|
Rothera monthly temperature statistics: this plot shows the mean, quartiles and range for each month.
(ii) Annual, seasonal and monthly trends in the Rothera surface temperature data
The trends listed below include 95% confidence intervals. The methodology is based upon:
Santer B.D., T.M.L. Wigley, J.S. Boyle, D. J. Gaffen, J.J. Hnilo, D. Nychka, D.E. Parker and K.E. Taylor. 2000: Statistical significance of trends and trend differences in layer-average temperature time series. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 7337-7356.
Briefly, an effective sample size is calculated based on the lag-1 autocorrelation coefficient of the regression residuals, This effective sample size is used for the computation of the standard error and in indexing the critical values of the Student''s t distribution.
The significance level of the trend is given if it is less than 10%, 5% or 1%. With regard to summer (DJF) the year refers to the December.
| Annual/Season/Month | Annual trend (°C a−1) | Significance (%) | Period | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calendar year | +0.0627 ± 0.0548 | 5 | 1978-98, 2000-2011 | 33 |
| Autumn | +0.0651 ± 0.0607 | 10 | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| Winter | +0.1060 ± 0.1028 | 10 | 1977-98, 2000-2012 | 35 |
| Spring | +0.0796 ± 0.0498 | 1 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| Summer | +0.0137 ± 0.0204 | - | 1977-2011 | 35 |
| January | +0.0126 ± 0.0201 | - | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| February | +0.0252 ± 0.0318 | - | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| March | +0.0341 ± 0.0293 | 5 | 1978-2012 | 35 |
| April | +0.0337 ± 0.0556 | - | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| May | +0.1187 ± 0.0907 | 5 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| June | +0.0719 ± 0.1345 | - | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| July | +0.1371 ± 0.1340 | 10 | 1977-98, 2000-2012 | 35 |
| August | +0.1106 ± 0.0874 | 5 | 1977-98, 2000-2012 | 35 |
| September | +0.1104 ± 0.0941 | 5 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| October | +0.0898 ± 0.0628 | 1 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| November | +0.0386 ± 0.0441 | 10 | 1977-2012 | 36 |
| December | +0.0052 ± 0.0169 | - | 1976-2011 | 36
|
Calendar year
Autumn (MAM)
Winter (JJA)
Spring (SON)
Summer (DJF)
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANN
1946 -2.6 -4.1 -4.9 -9.1 -15.6 -9.7 -10.3 -4.0 0.3
1947 0.9 2.0 0.9 -3.7 -8.9 -16.3 -7.7 -10.4 -10.2 -5.8 -2.6 -0.2 -5.2
1948 1.3 -1.4 -3.4 -6.3 -11.4 -8.2 -14.2 -11.7 -13.3 -6.6 -5.8 0.8 -6.7
1949 1.3 -1.6 -9.1 -11.8 -11.6 -15.6 -11.9 -15.2 -10.9 -6.8 -5.2 0.1 -8.2
1950 0.8
1951 -0.8 -5.9 -13.0 -16.6 -10.0 -14.8 -5.4 -1.8 1.3
1952 1.5 0.0
1953
1954
1955 -1.1 -3.5 -5.8 -12.9 -9.6 -10.2 -7.6 -5.5 -4.8 -0.3
1956 1.7 -0.2 -2.1 -1.5 -1.7 -4.3 -9.4 -5.6 -7.8 -3.9 -1.7 -0.2 -3.1
1957 1.7 0.5 -2.3 -2.7 -8.4 -19.9 -17.8 -15.6 -6.0 -10.9 -1.7 -1.2 -7.0
1958 0.7 -0.5 -3.8 -6.3 -13.6 -18.0 -17.7 -19.6 -14.9 -6.2 -0.8 -1.4 -8.5
1959 -1.3 -4.3 -2.5 -15.6 -15.7 -7.9 -23.1 -13.6 -12.3 -4.9 -5.3 0.3 -8.9
1960
1961
1962 -3.2 -9.0 -10.2 -9.3 -9.2 -3.7 -3.2 -0.3
1963 0.1 0.3 -3.7 -7.4 -5.6 -7.7 -10.2 -19.1 -10.5 -8.7 -2.5 0.7 -6.2
1964 1.0 0.0 -2.3 -7.7 -9.5 -11.6 -6.0 -20.1 -9.6 -3.1 -1.1 0.0 -5.8
1965 0.9 0.6 1.1 -3.3 -4.0 -7.5 -13.1 -12.1 -5.9 -8.8 -2.0 -0.8 -4.6
1966 0.2 -0.4 -1.8 -5.9 -6.1 -8.7 -16.0 -12.0 -10.3 -6.7 -2.1 -0.6 -5.9
1967 0.0 -2.1 -1.5 -2.9 -8.7 -8.0 -8.2 -8.5 -9.9 -7.5 -3.8 -0.1 -5.1
1968 0.0 -0.7 -1.5 -1.6 -5.4 -19.7 -8.1 -13.1 -12.4 -5.4 -3.2 -0.1 -5.9
1969 0.2 -0.9 -4.9 -6.4 -12.3 -18.4 -15.5 -10.7 -6.1 -9.0 -3.5 0.6 -7.2
1970 -0.2 -0.8 -2.2 -8.6 -8.8 -8.8 -5.3 -11.0 -3.8 -2.4 -0.6 0.8 -4.3
1971 1.5 0.5 -0.5 -1.9 -5.2 -3.1 -5.8 -6.8 -5.6 -2.6 -1.4 0.7 -2.5
1972 2.0 1.1 -0.5 -2.7 -3.8 -6.9 -5.3 -10.6 -5.9 -3.9 -2.4 0.6 -3.2
1973 -0.8 -0.2 -2.1 -6.6 -8.4 -10.1 -8.7 -6.5 -7.0 -4.1 -1.4 0.3 -4.6
1974 1.0 1.3 0.5 -3.8 -5.1 -3.5 -8.1 -7.7 -9.2 -2.8 -1.1 1.0 -3.1
1975 1.3 1.0 -1.1 -2.5 -5.7 -9.1 -15.4 -11.3 -7.2 -5.3 -3.8 0.2 -4.9
1976 -0.2
1977 -1.9 -7.1 -10.2 -14.8 -11.7 -17.7 -10.3 -2.6 -0.0
1978 0.0 -1.0 -3.0 -5.1 -6.5 -8.7 -19.5 -14.6 -8.0 -7.3 -4.5 -0.9 -6.6
1979 0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -3.5 -10.0 -11.2 -12.1 -12.7 -8.2 -7.6 -2.3 0.2 -5.6
1980 0.6 0.9 -4.2 -10.6 -11.3 -15.1 -20.5 -18.1 -11.1 -7.8 -6.5 -0.0 -8.6
1981 0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -3.6 -8.8 -9.4 -9.7 -12.7 -10.3 -7.5 -4.3 -0.3 -5.7
1982 1.2 0.0 -1.5 -3.5 -2.8 -4.3 -15.2 -14.2 -11.0 -9.7 -5.2 0.3 -5.5
1983 1.6 0.2 -1.7 -1.4 -2.5 -4.6 -5.1 -7.1 -8.4 -6.0 -1.3 0.8 -3.0
1984 1.1 1.1 0.7 -2.6 -5.4 -9.9 -8.6 -7.0 -3.8 -6.2 -2.3 1.1 -3.5
1985 1.9 0.9 -0.9 -2.2 -4.3 -5.8 -8.6 -7.4 -4.9 -3.6 -0.1 0.2 -2.9
1986 1.1 1.4 -1.1 -2.3 -9.3 -8.5 -9.9 -12.1 -10.7 -5.2 -3.6 -0.1 -5.0
1987 1.8 0.7 -2.0 -4.5 -4.4 -10.8 -20.5 -11.6 -15.9 -6.0 -2.2 0.0 -6.3
1988 1.1 0.4 -1.4 -2.8 -3.6 -7.2 -7.7 -12.4 -6.0 -3.9 -1.7 0.8 -3.7
1989 2.0 2.0 0.3 -4.0 -2.6 -5.2 -2.7 -3.9 -4.8 -3.3 -0.8 1.2 -1.8
1990 2.5 2.7 -1.0 -4.0 -4.8 -6.0 -5.1 -10.6 -8.1 -5.3 -4.2 0.1 -3.7
1991 1.0 0.6 -1.8 -2.8 -7.9 -13.9 -10.1 -10.1 -6.4 -7.0 -2.6 0.8 -5.0
1992 1.6 -0.6 -2.8 -3.2 -7.5 -14.1 -13.7 -9.6 -7.6 -5.8 -1.8 1.9 -5.3
1993 1.7 0.9 -1.8 -3.2 -6.0 -9.0 -9.5 -8.0 -7.6 -4.8 -1.1 -0.8 -4.1
1994 0.3 -0.4 -1.3 -2.9 -5.2 -10.6 -15.6 -8.9 -8.9 -10.5 -0.3 0.1 -5.4
1995 2.0 0.0 -1.5 -2.2 -4.1 -10.8 -13.9 -14.9 -11.8 -3.6 -3.0 1.0 -5.2
1996 1.5 0.6 -0.6 -2.0 -3.7 -6.9 -10.1 -10.2 -5.0 -4.8 -3.0 -0.1 -3.7
1997 2.2 0.6 -0.4 -2.5 -3.4 -7.6 -15.2 -10.4 -11.7 -5.4 -2.7 1.0 -4.6
1998 1.8 1.7 0.1 -0.5 -4.1 -2.8 -5.6 -6.8 -6.9 -4.7 -2.3 0.5 -2.5
1999 1.7 0.9 0.3 -1.2 -1.9 -6.6 -10.8 -3.8 -1.2 0.3
2000 0.1 0.6 -1.0 -2.6 -3.5 -5.7 -5.5 -10.7 -11.7 -4.5 -1.4 0.5 -3.8
2001 2.4 1.7 -0.2 -3.3 -1.1 -5.7 -11.9 -8.6 -5.1 -3.3 -1.8 -0.1 -3.1
2002 1.5 1.2 -2.7 -1.7 -10.4 -17.1 -12.1 -12.2 -6.6 -10.2 -2.9 1.1 -6.0
2003 2.4 0.9 -0.5 -2.4 -5.4 -9.5 -6.1 -6.8 -8.1 -6.7 -3.1 -0.9 -3.9
2004 1.5 1.0 -0.7 -2.0 -3.7 -7.3 -8.2 -10.6 -10.5 -5.5 -1.0 0.6 -3.9
2005 0.8 0.4 -2.2 -4.0 -4.9 -11.7 -10.9 -9.9 -6.5 -3.2 -1.0 -1.2 -4.5
2006 0.8 1.3 -0.3 -2.2 -3.9 -7.6 -8.7 -13.3 -11.2 -2.6 -2.6 1.0 -4.1
2007 2.0 0.7 -1.7 -4.0 -3.3 -5.9 -11.6 -7.2 -4.6 -5.8 -2.8 0.0 -3.7
2008 1.7 1.0 -0.9 -2.5 -2.8 -3.5 -8.1 -10.8 -2.0 -2.8 -1.3 -0.4 -2.7
2009 1.7 0.9 0.6 -4.8 -3.1 -6.2 -11.7 -8.0 -7.4 -6.0 -3.1 0.6 -3.9
2010 1.3 1.4 -1.6 -3.4 -3.7 -3.9 -7.7 -8.3 -4.1 -1.9 -0.8 0.1 -2.7
2011 1.2 1.4 0.1 -4.1 -3.1 -7.0 -9.9 -8.7 -9.1 -5.0 -2.2 1.0 -3.8
2012 0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -2.3 -2.6 -9.6 -7.3 -5.9 -5.5 -6.9 -4.0
The British Antarctic Survey Rothera web page.
The latest synoptic report from Rothera station.
This web page was written to look good in MS Explorer 5.0+ using character entity references from HTML 4.0. Apologies if it doesn't quite work for you — anyway the data should be OK. Comments should be addressed to Dr Gareth Marshall at GJMA@bas.ac.uk.
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