Station location: 64°15'S, 56°39'W, Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula.
WMO identification: 89055
Data prior to 1992 have been taken from Jones & Reid (2001)
Jones, P.D. and P.A. Reid. 2001: A Data Bank of Antarctic Surface Temperature and Pressure Data. ORNL/CDIAC-27 NDP-032. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
This report can be accessed here.
This is available from here.
Note that there can be quite large differences in certain months between the Jones & Reid and GISS datasets during the 1970s and 1980s. When none of these sources are available a value has been derived from SYNOP data if more than 90% of monthly values are available: these values are shown in red. All available values have been included in the derivation of the statistics.
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(i) Annual, seasonal and monthly temperature statistics for Marambio.
These data are updated monthly. With regard to summer (DJF) the year refers to the December.
| Annual/Season/Month | Mean (°C) | σ (°C) | Min. (°C) | q0.25 (°C) | q0.75 (°C) | Max. (°C) | Period | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calendar year | −8.5 | 1.3 | −10.9 | −9.2 | −7.5 | −6.4 | 1971-88, 1990-91, 1996-98, 2000-2011 | 35 |
| Autumn | −10.1 | 2.6 | −13.8 | −12.4 | −8.3 | −3.8 | 1971-88, 1990-91, 1994-2012 | 39 |
| Winter | −14.7 | 2.7 | −19.3 | −16.5 | −12.8 | −8.1 | 1971-91, 1994-98, 2000-2012 | 39 |
| Spring | −7.1 | 1.9 | −11.8 | −8.5 | −6.0 | −3.5 | 1970-91, 1996-2012 | 39 |
| Summer | −1.6 | 1.0 | −3.4 | −2.4 | −0.9 | +0.8 | 1970-90, 1995-2011 | 38 |
| January | −1.2 | 1.4 | −4.3 | −2.1 | −0.4 | +1.5 | 1971-91, 1993, 1996-2012 | 39 |
| February | −2.2 | 1.8 | −5.1 | −3.8 | −0.8 | +1.4 | 1971-91, 1993, 1995-2012 | 40 |
| March | −6.1 | 2.3 | −11.1 | −7.4 | −4.1 | −2.0 | 1971-88, 1990-91, 1993-2012 | 40 |
| April | −11.4 | 3.6 | −17.2 | −14.6 | −8.7 | −2.4 | 1971-91, 1994-2012 | 40 |
| May | −12.7 | 3.9 | −21.6 | −14.8 | −9.7 | −5.2 | 1971-91, 1993-2012 | 41 |
| June | −15.1 | 4.0 | −21.1 | −18.0 | −12.4 | −6.8 | 1971-91, 1994-2012 | 40 |
| July | −15.1 | 4.5 | −23.2 | −18.7 | −12.0 | −2.9 | 1971-91, 1994-2012 | 40 |
| August | −13.9 | 3.4 | −18.9 | −16.6 | −11.0 | −6.2 | 1971-91, 1994-98, 2000-2012 | 39 |
| September | −10.7 | 3.5 | −17.6 | −13.1 | −8.6 | −1.5 | 1970-91, 1993-94, 1996-2012 | 41 |
| October | −6.8 | 3.1 | −14.7 | −9.0 | −5.2 | −1.5 | 1970-92, 1995-2012 | 40 |
| November | −3.9 | 2.0 | −8.2 | −5.1 | −2.7 | 0.0 | 1970-91, 1995-2012 | 40 |
| December | −1.6 | 1.3 | −5.1 | −2.3 | −0.7 | +0.7 | 1970-91, 1994-2011 | 40
|
Marambio monthly temperature statistics: this plot shows the mean, quartiles and range for each month.
(ii) Annual, seasonal and monthly trends in the Marambio surface temperature data
The trends listed below include 95% confidence intervals. The methodology is based upon:
Santer B.D., T.M.L. Wigley, J.S. Boyle, D. J. Gaffen, J.J. Hnilo, D. Nychka, D.E. Parker and K.E. Taylor. 2000: Statistical significance of trends and trend differences in layer-average temperature time series. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 7337-7356.
Briefly, an effective sample size is calculated based on the lag-1 autocorrelation coefficient of the regression residuals, This effective sample size is used for the computation of the standard error and in indexing the critical values of the Student''s t distribution.
The significance level of the trend is given if it is less than 10%, 5% or 1%. With regard to summer (DJF) the year refers to the December.
| Annual/Season/Month | Annual trend (°C a−1) | Significance (%) | Period | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calendar year | +0.0430 ± 0.0280 | 1 | 1971-88, 1990-91, 1996-98, 2000-2011 | 35 |
| Autumn | +0.0516 ± 0.1029 | - | 1971-88, 1990-91, 1994-2012 | 39 |
| Winter | +0.0279 ± 0.0563 | - | 1971-91, 1994-98, 2000-2012 | 39 |
| Spring | +0.0225 ± 0.0434 | - | 1970-91, 1996-2012 | 39 |
| Summer | +0.0496 ± 0.0174 | 1 | 1970-90, 1995-2011 | 38 |
| January | +0.0575 ± 0.0277 | 1 | 1971-91, 1993, 1996-2012 | 39 |
| February | +0.0672 ± 0.0346 | 1 | 1971-91, 1993, 1995-2012 | 40 |
| March | +0.0505 ± 0.0448 | 5 | 1971-88, 1990-91, 1993-2012 | 40 |
| April | +0.0297 ± 0.1179 | - | 1971-91, 1994-2012 | 40 |
| May | +0.0750 ± 0.1241 | - | 1971-91, 1993-2012 | 41 |
| June | +0.0040 ± 0.0914 | - | 1971-91, 1994-2012 | 40 |
| July | +0.0079 ± 0.0875 | - | 1971-91, 1994-2012 | 40 |
| August | +0.0734 ± 0.0892 | - | 1971-91, 1994-98, 2000-2012 | 39 |
| September | +0.0669 ± 0.1132 | - | 1970-91, 1993-94, 1996-2012 | 41 |
| October | −0.0184 ± 0.0665 | - | 1970-92, 1995-2012 | 40 |
| November | +0.0180 ± 0.0414 | - | 1970-91, 1995-2012 | 40 |
| December | +0.0234 ± 0.0342 | - | 1970-91, 1994-2011 | 40
|
Calendar year
Autumn (MAM)
Winter (JJA)
Spring (SON)
Summer (DJF)
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANN
1970 -8.6 -5.9 -3.3 -1.6
1971 -2.2 -5.1 -7.1 -12.7 -17.2 -9.8 -12.4 -15.6 -13.4 -6.6 -4.4 -3.6 -9.2
1972 -2.4 -4.2 -11.1 -17.2 -13.0 -21.1 -18.8 -16.8 -11.9 -6.2 -4.0 -0.6 -10.6
1973 -4.3 -3.6 -5.7 -14.6 -19.4 -17.4 -10.0 -16.1 -17.6 -6.1 -3.4 -1.7 -10.0
1974 -3.4 -0.9 -4.1 -15.6 -13.3 -14.5 -15.0 -17.9 -12.9 -7.5 -4.8 -0.6 -9.2
1975 -1.9 -4.0 -9.4 -12.3 -17.6 -16.6 -19.8 -18.9 -13.1 -3.9 -3.3 -2.3 -10.3
1976 -3.0 -2.3 -6.2 -11.6 -11.1 -13.6 -23.0 -15.4 -13.5 -1.5 -1.5 -2.1 -8.7
1977 -1.1 -2.7 -6.4 -11.5 -10.2 -12.5 -13.0 -17.5 -13.7 -6.3 -4.4 -1.7 -8.4
1978 -2.0 -2.2 -6.0 -8.0 -7.3 -20.7 -20.9 -14.4 -9.7 -5.0 -3.5 -2.7 -8.5
1979 1.5 -3.2 -4.0 -6.8 -9.7 -17.2 -13.5 -13.1 -9.1 -9.2 -4.7 -2.4 -7.6
1980 -2.2 -4.9 -7.7 -15.0 -14.0 -17.8 -20.5 -17.5 -15.3 -6.6 -8.2 -1.6 -10.9
1981 -1.1 -3.3 -6.2 -6.5 -12.2 -9.4 -11.7 -18.1 -11.6 -11.9 -4.5 -1.4 -8.2
1982 0.3 -2.6 -6.8 -9.0 -8.7 -6.8 -18.6 -11.8 -9.9 -2.9 -6.7 -2.0 -7.1
1983 -1.7 -3.9 -9.0 -7.7 -15.2 -13.7 -14.7 -6.2 -13.4 -8.1 -5.2 -0.6 -8.3
1984 -3.5 -3.7 -4.2 -11.9 -14.5 -16.1 -8.6 -9.9 -3.9 -8.7 -3.4 -1.8 -7.5
1985 -1.4 -4.4 -9.5 -11.9 -16.5 -12.1 -7.7 -12.2 -6.5 -5.9 -1.6 -1.5 -7.6
1986 -2.9 -4.5 -6.9 -12.2 -21.6 -19.7 -16.6 -18.7 -10.4 -5.7 -5.3 -1.2 -10.5
1987 -1.2 -2.3 -6.1 -16.9 -17.6 -18.7 -20.8 -9.3 -12.3 -6.7 -1.4 -0.5 -9.5
1988 -1.9 -0.8 -7.6 -9.7 -11.6 -19.9 -13.1 -14.6 -10.4 -9.3 -6.9 -2.3 -9.0
1989 -2.2 -2.0 -16.1 -7.4 -11.3 -2.9 -10.0 -8.6 -6.4 -3.4 -5.1
1990 -1.7 0.9 -6.1 -14.8 -17.1 -13.7 -16.4 -15.5 -6.4 -12.0 -4.7 -2.3 -9.2
1991 0.6 -4.3 -10.3 -10.7 -18.0 -15.8 -15.2 -12.8 -6.8 -9.5 -2.9 -2.6 -9.0
1992 -9.8
1993 -1.3 -0.8 -3.0 -12.6 -14.0
1994 -5.4 -10.9 -14.0 -16.8 -12.9 -10.6 -12.7 -5.1
1995 0.1 -6.2 -13.5 -11.1 -16.4 -22.1 -16.7 -3.6 -5.4 0.1
1996 -0.7 -0.8 -6.4 -10.3 -14.8 -17.0 -11.3 -11.4 -11.4 -5.4 -3.0 -1.4 -7.8
1997 0.0 -2.7 -2.9 -12.2 -6.6 -14.3 -17.5 -14.8 -15.2 -12.5 -7.8 -1.2 -9.0
1998 -0.6 -0.2 -3.8 -2.4 -5.2 -7.7 -17.3 -16.5 -13.1 -9.9 -1.8 -1.7 -6.7
1999 0.3 -1.3 -3.1 -5.1 -7.8 -14.1 -14.8 -12.6 -2.4 -1.3 0.4
2000 -0.9 0.6 -2.0 -8.2 -9.5 -7.9 -9.3 -17.3 -12.6 -5.5 -3.7 0.1 -6.3
2001 -2.0 -4.1 -10.8 -14.5 -8.6 -15.2 -15.9 -8.6 -6.4 -2.3 -1.8 0.7 -7.5
2002 0.2 1.4 -5.7 -8.4 -17.0 -19.6 -14.9 -9.3 -7.3 -14.7 -4.8 -0.8 -8.4
2003 -0.9 -1.2 -2.6 -5.6 -10.9 -18.2 -16.9 -10.2 -7.8 -6.9 -7.0 -4.0 -7.7
2004 -0.6 -1.0 -5.3 -10.0 -9.5 -12.3 -11.7 -12.6 -9.4 -5.5 -0.7 -0.9 -6.6
2005 -1.2 -0.2 -5.5 -10.2 -13.6 -18.8 -16.3 -9.3 -8.7 -3.2 -1.3 -1.6 -7.5
2006 1.4 0.4 -3.4 -7.3 -6.1 -10.3 -10.9 -18.6 -13.9 -3.5 -2.7 -1.4 -6.4
2007 -0.6 -2.6 -7.0 -16.7 -13.8 -19.3 -23.2 -15.4 -11.0 -11.0 -6.6 -1.2 -10.7
2008 -0.2 -0.7 -7.7 -11.9 -11.7 -13.8 -13.2 -9.8 -1.5 -6.5 -3.2 0.7 -6.6
2009 0.2 -2.5 -3.5 -11.3 -14.1 -20.7 -19.1 -16.2 -4.5 -8.7 -4.9 -1.8 -8.9
2010 -2.2 -3.1 -8.3 -15.1 -13.7 -7.1 -10.9 -12.8 -9.9 -2.5 0.0 -3.0 -7.4
2011 -1.4 -0.1 -6.3 -16.4 -13.4 -17.2 -20.1 -12.9 -15.8 -7.1 -2.7 0.2 -9.4
2012 1.5 -3.9 -5.1 -12.5 -12.4 -16.9 -13.0 -15.0 -12.4 -9.7 -6.8
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